Simple random sampling is a probability sampling method where every member of a given population has an equal chance of being selected for participation in a study. Researchers have access to all members of the population and have a standardized and objective method for randomization. Simple random sampling is an important component of conducting experiments and randomized controlled trials. Random sampling decreases the impact of selection and observation biases and allows for the assumption that any differences between treatment groups at baseline are due to chance. Treatment groups that are equal at baseline due to random sampling are in a state of equipoise. Simple random sampling also accounts for confounding variables, both measured and unmeasured.
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